2.  Reproduction

• If a mutant evolved, where would it get its mate?


• Would the mutant necessarily pass on its "improved" status to its offspring?


• How did living things evolve from asexual organisms to sexual organisms?


• Sexual reproduction itself is so complex that it could not have

evolved in steps. An animal must be able to reproduce fully. The complexity of reproduction demands that it could not have evolved in one step. However, omitting any of the steps would have disastrous effects on the animal. Reproduction has "irreducible complexity."

3.  Human Eye

• The eye is a uniquely complex organ. In order for it to "evolve," the thousands of different mutations would have had to happen in the right order!


• Of what use would the intermediate steps be? Unless all of the parts are there, the eye won't work!

Berlinski writes: "The theory of evolution is the great white elephant of contemporary thought. It is large, almost entirely useless, and the object of superstitious awe."

Today evolution survives, not so much as a theory of science, but as a philosophical necessity. Good science is always tentative and self-correcting, but this never really happens in the case of evolution. Regardless of the scientific data, the idea of evolution as a valid concept is not open to debate. Students are allowed to ask "HOW did evolution occur?"  but never, "DID evolution occur?"